| Cotuit | |
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| — Village — | |
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Cotuit
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| Coordinates: | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Massachusetts |
| County | Barnstable |
| Area | |
| • Total | 5 sq mi (12.95 km2) |
| Population (2000) | |
| • Total | 2,600 |
| • Density | 520/sq mi (200.8/km2) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code 02635 | |
| FIPS code | |
| GNIS feature ID | |
Cotuit is a village on Cape Cod in the City of Barnstable, Massachusetts, United States. Located on a peninsula on the south side of Barnstable about midway between Falmouth, Massachusetts and Hyannis, Massachusetts. Cotuit is bounded by the Santuit River to the west on the Mashpee, Massachusetts town line, the villages of Marstons Mills, Massachusetts to the north, and Osterville, Massachusetts to the east, and Nantucket Sound to the south. Cotuit is primarily residential with several small beaches including Ropes Beach, Riley's Beach, The Loop Beach and Oregon Beach.
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Cotuit was part of a major land purchase negotiated by Myles Standish of the Plymouth Colony with Paupmunnuck, Wampanoag headman of the Cotachessett village allegedly located on or near the island known today as Oyster Harbors, or Grand Island. That transaction, which occurred on May 17, 1648, was made by Paupmunnuck and his brother, and "sold" about "twenty square miles of land in what is now the southwestern section of Barnstable.".[1]
The purchase price was two kettles, a bushel of Indian corn, and the agreement to fence off 30 acres (120,000 m2) of land comprising the Cotachessett village. However this was renegotiated shortly after the conclusion of the Standish agreement to drop the fence and corn and settled instead on a price of "one great brass kettle seven spans in wideness round about, and one broad hoe."[2]
Cattle and the harvesting of salt marsh hay was the primary economic activity in colonial Cotuit. The Little River section of the village (near the location of the present Cotuit Oyster Company) was the site of some early shipyards.[3]
The name Cotuit is derived from the Wampanoag term: "place of the council".[4] Cotuit was formerly known as Cotuit Port until the postmaster, Charles C. Bearse dropped the "port" in 1872.
Built circa 1793, just off of Main Street near the center of the village, is the Josiah Sampson House, the oldest standing home actually built in Cotuit (the Crocker House on Route 28 was built in 1749 in the village of West Barnstable and then moved its present location in Cotuit by oxen).[5] When this Federal-style New England house was built by English businessman, Squire Josiah Sampson, it was regarded as so extravagant for its day that it came to be known by the townspeople as "Sampson's Folly", faced with many windows and containing a ballroom for dancing on its second floor. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, this home today operates as a bed-and-breakfast. The house is also referred to as "Sampson's Folly"[6] on the List of Registered Historic Places in Barnstable County, Massachusetts. The property contained a working farm and a mill on the Santuit River, lending its name to the road which ran nearby, Sampson's Mill Road.
A list of Cotuit families with some genealogical information has been compiled by local historian, James Gould.[7]
In the early 20th century, Cotuit saw more commercial activity including hotels such as The Pines, one of Cape Cod's earliest summer resorts. During World War II, Cotuit was home to Camp Candoit. During the 1970s there was a large restaurant called The Harbor View which has been turned into a private residence. The Cotuit Inn was demolished in 1986 and condominiums were built in its place. In 1987 the Cotuit Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
The latitude of Cotuit is 41.61667. The longitude is -70.4375.[8] According to the 1995 Town of Barnstable Comprehensive Plans, Cotuit is among the smallest of the town's seven villages, having a total area of roughly 5 sq mi (12.95 km²): the major part of the village is bounded on three sides by water. Although Cotuit has 12 miles (19 km) of coastline, comparable in length to its 10 miles (16 km) of scenic roadways, the 8 town-owned beaches, landings and ways to the water in the village combine to only 3.16 acres (12,800 m2).[9]
The commercial zone is small with only a few businesses located in the center of the village: a small restaurant and bar called The Kettle-Ho (named after the legend of how the town was acquired from the native Wampanoags for a kettle and a hoe, see above), a post office (02635), a Federated church (United Church of Christ/United Methodist Church), several real estate offices, an insurance office, an architect's office and the Cotuit Public Library. To the north on Main Street is a small variety store, the Cotuit Grocery Co. or "Coop" which sells groceries, liquor and has a small deli counter/restaurant. The Josiah Sampson House Bed and Breakfast is located just off Main Street on Old Kings Road, halfway between the center of the village and Route 28. Other Cotuit businesses are located along Massachusetts Route 28 in the Santuit-Newtown area of the town, also location of the Cotuit Center For the Arts and the Cahoon Museum of American Art.
The Cahoon Museum of American Art is located at the former home of Martha and Ralph Cahoon who were prominent American painters.
A few steps from the village green is the historic Freedom Hall, currently used for various civic gatherings and elections, and Mariners' Hall, currently a Masonic Lodge. A little further down Main Street is the Museum of the Historical Society of Cotuit and Santuit, which includes the Samuel B. Dottridge Homestead, a representation of coastal life in Cotuit in the first half of the 19th Century.
Cotuit Bay, the main body of water in town, is bounded by Cotuit to the west, Grand Island/Oyster Harbors to the east (part of the village of Osterville) and Dead Neck/Sampson's Island to the south, making the bay a quiet harbor and part of the so-called Three Bays system which includes North and West Bays. Sampson's Island is an Audubon bird sanctuary jointly managed by the Three Bays Preservation, Inc. organization that can only be reached by boat. A permit is required for visitors. The bay is shallow and busy with boat traffic during the summer months. It is the site of the Cotuit Oyster Company.
There are no commercial marine facilities in Cotuit Bay. The nearest source of fuel (diesel and gasoline) is in Osterville to the east. A number of local boatyards service boats in the harbor, but there is no commercial marina in the bay or inner harbor. A private launch service runs from the town dock from May through October, charging a small fee for trips to the mooring field. A free pump-out service for marine heads (toilets) is provided by the town harbormaster. Ice and groceries for visiting boaters is available ashore at the Cotuit Grocery Store on Main Street.
A concrete boat ramp for small boats is located at Old Shore Road near Ropes Beach. Car and trailer parking is permitted only with a Town of Barnstable, Massachusetts beach parking sticker, available to residents from the town's recreation department.
There are several public ways to water, including: Cordwood Landing off of Old Post Road, Ropes Beach, Town Dock, Riley's Beach, Loop Beach, and Oregon Beach. Other public paths exist and are catalogued by the Barnstable Association of Recreational Shellfishermen.
Mooring is regulated by the Town of Barnstable, Massachusetts.
According to the 1995 Town of Barnstable Comprehensive plans, Cotuit, one of the less densely populated of the villages, has a year round population of roughly 2600, with an additional 1600 summer residents.[9]
Cotuit Oysters are a distinct version of the Eastern oyster species, unique to Cotuit Bay and remarkable for their flavor."Seed now comes from a hatchery...but unspoiled Cotuit Bay has changed little, and the oysters still have the bright and briny flavor they are famous for."[10]
The Cotuit Oyster Company dates back to 1837 and is still cultivating the distinctive Cotuit Oysters with their unique flavor, producing the oldest brand name of oyster in the United States.[11] Cotuit is world famous for its oysters and in years past they rivaled Wellfleet oysters, and could be found on menus in restaurants from San Francisco to Paris. In the 1980s, however, many of the Cotuit oyster beds were significantly diminished. Today, Cotuit Oysters are re-appearing on the menus of many fine-dining establishments on Cape Cod and Boston, and the world-famous[12] Oyster Bar Restaurant in Grand Central Terminal in New York City.[13]
Cotuit Skiffs, formerly known as Cotuit Mosquitos, are 14-foot (4.3 m) gaff-rigged "one-design" sailboats that have been sailed on the waters of Cotuit Bay for the last 104 years,[14] making them one of the oldest continuously sailed fleets of one-design racing boats in the world.
They were designed by Stanley Butler after the turn of the 19th century and were modeled after the flat bottomed skiffs used in the oyster and commercial clam trade. Those boats were built with hard chines and low gunwales to provide a stable platform from which to clam from. The design was altered many times until 1926 when the design was standardized.
Cotuit Skiffs are rigged like classic Cape Cod catboats—that is they carry only a gaff-rigged mainsail, no jib, and their masts are stepped in the very bow of the boat. They carry a considerable amount of sail and are considered an extremely challenging boat to sail, especially in a brisk breeze. They are fitted with a centerboard and are generally raced by one or two people, with three carried only in high winds. The huge mainsail and its boom overhang the hull's transom by four feet.[14]
Since 1906 the Cotuit Mosquito Yacht Club (CMYC) has hosted races during the summer months. Although the yacht club has had more than one fleet—juniors compete in inter-club regatta in 420s - the gaff-rigged skiff has been raced for slightly over the 100 years that the yacht club has existed.
CMYC historian Larry Odence published a comprehensive history of the Cotuit Skiff in 2009: Mosquito Boats: The First Hundred Years of the Cotuit Skiff which was published in a limited edition, but available for loan from the Cotuit Library.
The Cotuit Kettleers of the Cape Cod Baseball League play at Lowell Park, located very close to the center of the village, from mid-June to early August. Cotuit has won more Cape League titles in the Modern Era than any other team in history with thirteen, their last of which came in 2010.[15]
The Cotuit ball field is named for Elizabeth Gilbert (Jones) Lowell (d. 1904), daughter of George Jones (publisher) of New York, a co-founder of The New York Times.[16]
Published in 2003, there is a pictorial history of Cotuit by James W. Gould called "Cotuit and Santuit, Images of America: Massachusetts". Published by Arcadia Press, 2003 [2]
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